In addition, there is a provision stating that the agreement itself must be reviewed every six years by the three nations, with a sunset clause of 16 years. The agreement can be extended by 16 years during the six years of revision. [51] The introduction of the sunset clause puts more control in the organization of the future of the USMCA in the hands of national governments. However, there is concern that this could lead to greater uncertainty. announced its support for the USMCA and asked Congress to ratify the agreement. They also called on the Trump administration to maintain NAFTA until the new trade agreement is ratified. [70] On March 4, however, House Ways and Means President Richard Neal predicted a “very hard” path through Congress for the deal. [71] Starting on the 7th Senior White House officials met with members of the House Ways and Means and moderate caucuses of both parties, such as the Solvers Caucus, the Tuesday Group, and the Blue Dog Coalition, to gain support for ratification. On 3 April 2020, Mexico announced its readiness to implement and accede to the agreement. [15] The agreement entered into force on 1 July 2020. [16] [17] [18] [19] Chapter 11 is the third mechanism known as investor-state dispute settlement, which allows multinationals to sue participating governments for allegedly discriminatory policies. Chapter 11 is generally considered to be the most controversial of the resolution mechanisms.
[49] Canadian negotiators did indeed distance themselves from Chapter 11 in the USMCA version of this measure, Chapter 14. . . .