It was expected that a Chapter 19 committee would consider whether the agency`s decision was supported by “substantial evidence.” This standard was based on considerable consideration for the national body. Some of the most controversial trade disputes in recent years, such as the softwood dispute between the United States and Canada, have been negotiated before Chapter 19 panels. According to Article 102 of NAFTA, there are 6 stated objectives of the treaty. During her election campaign, Hillary Clinton considered the deal flawed. The Department of Labor`s Employment and Training Administration (ETA) is expanding protection and support to U.S. workers who are negatively affected by foreign trade by revising its regulations for the Trade Adjustment Assistance Program (TAA) for Workers (TAA). The latter rule will make things easier, among other improvements. The momentum for a North American free trade area began with the United States. President Ronald Reagan, who made this idea part of his campaign when he announced his candidacy for president in November 1979.

[15] Canada and the United States signed the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement in 1988, and shortly thereafter, Mexican President Carlos Salinas de Gortari decided to turn to U.S. President George H. W. Bush to propose a similar agreement to make foreign investments after the Latin American debt crisis. [15] When the two leaders began negotiations, the Canadian government of Prime Minister Brian Mulroney was concerned that the benefits That Canada had derived from the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement would be undermined by a bilateral agreement between the United States and Mexico, and asked to become a party to the U.S.-Mexico talks. [16] However, Trump is not alone in criticizing the deal. If the original Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) had entered into force, existing agreements, such as NAFTA, would be reduced to provisions that do not conflict with the TPP or require greater trade liberalization than the TPP.

[155] However, only Canada and Mexico have the prospect of becoming members of the TPP after U.S. President Donald Trump withdrew the United States from the agreement in January 2017. In May 2017, the remaining 11 TPP members, including Canada and Mexico, agreed to proceed with a revised version of the trade agreement without U.S. participation. [156] Many critics of NAFTA saw the agreement as a radical experiment by influential multinationals who wanted to increase their profits at the expense of ordinary citizens of the countries concerned. Opposition groups argued that the general rules imposed by NAFTA could undermine local governments by preventing them from passing laws or regulations to protect the public interest. Critics also argued that the treaty would lead to a significant deterioration in environmental and health standards, promote the privatization and deregulation of key public services, and displace family farmers in signatory countries. In addition, all three countries have seen an increase in trade, economic growth and wages since the adoption of NAFTA in 1994, but whether this is the result of NAFTA remains a question for experts.

In fact, a 2010 report by the Congressional Research Service stated that “most studies conducted under NAFTA have found that the impact on the Mexican economy has been at most modest.” After U.S. President Donald Trump took office in January 2017, he attempted to replace NAFTA with a new agreement and began negotiations with Canada and Mexico. .